Does every firstborn male belong to God?

Yes.

When God killed the firstborn of the Egyptians, he decided that the firstborn of the Israelites would be set apart to be his. So God commanded his people to consecrate every firstborn male to him. He said the first son of every female animal or human in Israel belongs to him. You can never choose to dedicate a firstborn animal to God, because the firstborn already belongs to God by default.

That means the people have to give all their firstborn males over to God. You must give him the firstborn of your sons, doing the same thing you do with the firstborn among your livestock: They can only stay with their mothers for seven days, then you hand them over to God. They are to be set apart and never put to work the way others would be. This is how God decided it will be, therefore this is how it will be forever, and it can never be changed.

No.

Not long after that, God said he would take the Levites in place of the firstborn Israelites, and the Levites’ livestock in place of the firstborn livestock. The Levites and their livestock are to be his. The Levites are the Israelites who are to be given to God, because he has taken them in place of the firstborn son of every Israelite woman.

If he’s taking the Levites in place of the firstborn, that means he is not taking the firstborn. So now nothing he said about the firstborn is true. The firstborn are not set apart. The firstborn do not belong to God. You don’t have to treat the firstborn any different from anyone else. All those rules God gave his people about what to do with their firstborn can be ignored.

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